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measure_theory.​set_integral

measure_theory.​set_integral

Set integral

In this file we prove some properties of ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ. Recall that this notation is defined as ∫ x, f x ∂(μ.restrict s). In integral_indicator we prove that for a measurable function f and a measurable set s this definition coincides with another natural definition: ∫ x, indicator s f x ∂μ = ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ, where indicator s f x is equal to f x for x ∈ s and is zero otherwise.

Since ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ is a notation, one can rewrite or apply any theorem about ∫ x, f x ∂μ directly. In this file we prove some theorems about dependence of ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ on s, e.g. integral_union, integral_empty, integral_univ.

We also define integrable_on f s μ := integrable f (μ.restrict s) and prove theorems like integrable_on_union : integrable_on f (s ∪ t) μ ↔ integrable_on f s μ ∧ integrable_on f t μ.

Next we define a predicate integrable_at_filter (f : α → E) (l : filter α) (μ : measure α) saying that f is integrable at some set s ∈ l and prove that a function is integrable at l with respect to μ provided that f is bounded above at l ⊓ μ.ae and μ is finite at l.

Finally, we prove a version of the Fundamental theorem of calculus for set integral, see filter.tendsto.integral_sub_linear_is_o_ae and its corollaries. Namely, consider a measurably generated filter l, a measure μ finite at this filter, and a function f that has a finite limit c at l ⊓ μ.ae. Then ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ = μ s • c + o(μ s) as s tends to l.lift' powerset, i.e. for any ε>0 there exists t ∈ l such that ∥∫ x in s, f x ∂μ - μ s • c∥ ≤ ε * μ s whenever s ⊆ t. We also formulate a version of this theorem for a locally finite measure μ and a function f continuous at a point a.

Notation

∫ a in s, f a is measure_theory.integral (s.indicator f)

TODO

The file ends with over a hundred lines of commented out code. This is the old contents of this file using the indicator approach to the definition of ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ. This code should be migrated to the new definition.

theorem piecewise_ae_eq_restrict {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} [measurable_space α] {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : set α} {f g : α → β} :

theorem piecewise_ae_eq_restrict_compl {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} [measurable_space α] {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : set α} {f g : α → β} :

theorem indicator_ae_eq_restrict {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} [measurable_space α] [has_zero β] {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : set α} {f : α → β} :

theorem indicator_ae_eq_restrict_compl {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} [measurable_space α] [has_zero β] {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : set α} {f : α → β} :

def measure_theory.​integrable_on {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] :
(α → E) → set α → (measure_theory.measure α . "volume_tac") → Prop

A function is integrable_on a set s if the integral of its pointwise norm over s is less than infinity.

Equations
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​integrable {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

@[simp]
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_empty {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

@[simp]

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_zero {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :
measure_theory.integrable_on (λ (_x : α), 0) s μ

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_const {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {C : E} :
measure_theory.integrable_on (λ (_x : α), C) s μ ↔ C = 0 ∨ ⇑μ s < ⊤

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​mono {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ ν : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​mono_set {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​mono_measure {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ ν : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​mono_set_ae {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable.​integrable_on {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable.​integrable_on' {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​left_of_union {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​right_of_union {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​union {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

@[simp]
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_union {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

@[simp]
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_finite_union {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : set β} (hs : s.finite) {t : β → set α} :
measure_theory.integrable_on f (⋃ (i : β) (H : i ∈ s), t i) μ ↔ ∀ (i : β), i ∈ s → measure_theory.integrable_on f (t i) μ

@[simp]
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_finset_union {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : finset β} {t : β → set α} :
measure_theory.integrable_on f (⋃ (i : β) (H : i ∈ s), t i) μ ↔ ∀ (i : β), i ∈ s → measure_theory.integrable_on f (t i) μ

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​add_measure {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ ν : measure_theory.measure α} :

@[simp]
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_add_measure {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ ν : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_indicator_iff {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on.​indicator {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_on_of_bounded {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {C : ℝ} :
⇑μ s < ⊤ → (∀ᵐ (x : α) ∂μ.restrict s, ∥f x∥ ≤ C) → measure_theory.integrable_on f s μ

def measure_theory.​integrable_at_filter {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] :
(α → E) → filter α → (measure_theory.measure α . "volume_tac") → Prop

We say that a function f is integrable at filter l if it is integrable on some set s ∈ l. Equivalently, it is eventually integrable on s in l.lift' powerset.

Equations
theorem measure_theory.​integrable_at_filter.​eventually {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {l : filter α} :

theorem measure_theory.​integrable_at_filter.​filter_mono {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {l l' : filter α} :

If μ is a measure finite at filter l and f is a function such that its norm is bounded above at l, then f is integrable at l.

theorem measure_theory.​integral_union {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s t : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] :
disjoint s t → is_measurable s → is_measurable t → measure_theory.integrable_on f s μ → measure_theory.integrable_on f t μ → ∫ (x : α) in s ∪ t, f x ∂μ = ∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ + ∫ (x : α) in t, f x ∂μ

theorem measure_theory.​integral_univ {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] :
∫ (x : α) in set.univ, f x ∂μ = ∫ (x : α), f x ∂μ

theorem measure_theory.​integral_add_compl {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] :
is_measurable s → measure_theory.integrable f μ → ∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ + ∫ (x : α) in sᶜ, f x ∂μ = ∫ (x : α), f x ∂μ

theorem measure_theory.​integral_indicator {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] :
measurable f → is_measurable s → ∫ (x : α), s.indicator f x ∂μ = ∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ

For a measurable function f and a measurable set s, the integral of indicator s f over the whole space is equal to ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ defined as ∫ x, f x ∂(μ.restrict s).

theorem measure_theory.​norm_set_integral_le_of_norm_le_const_ae {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] {C : ℝ} :
⇑μ s < ⊤ → (∀ᵐ (x : α) ∂μ.restrict s, ∥f x∥ ≤ C) → ∥∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ∥ ≤ C * (⇑μ s).to_real

theorem measure_theory.​norm_set_integral_le_of_norm_le_const_ae' {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] {C : ℝ} :
⇑μ s < ⊤ → (∀ᵐ (x : α) ∂μ, x ∈ s → ∥f x∥ ≤ C) → measurable f → ∥∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ∥ ≤ C * (⇑μ s).to_real

theorem measure_theory.​norm_set_integral_le_of_norm_le_const_ae'' {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] {C : ℝ} :
⇑μ s < ⊤ → is_measurable s → (∀ᵐ (x : α) ∂μ, x ∈ s → ∥f x∥ ≤ C) → ∥∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ∥ ≤ C * (⇑μ s).to_real

theorem measure_theory.​norm_set_integral_le_of_norm_le_const {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] {C : ℝ} :
⇑μ s < ⊤ → (∀ (x : α), x ∈ s → ∥f x∥ ≤ C) → measurable f → ∥∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ∥ ≤ C * (⇑μ s).to_real

theorem measure_theory.​norm_set_integral_le_of_norm_le_const' {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] {f : α → E} {s : set α} {μ : measure_theory.measure α} [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] [complete_space E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [normed_space ℝ E] {C : ℝ} :
⇑μ s < ⊤ → is_measurable s → (∀ (x : α), x ∈ s → ∥f x∥ ≤ C) → ∥∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ∥ ≤ C * (⇑μ s).to_real

theorem filter.​tendsto.​integral_sub_linear_is_o_ae {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [normed_group E] [normed_space ℝ E] [topological_space.second_countable_topology E] [complete_space E] [measurable_space E] [borel_space E] {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {l : filter α} [l.is_measurably_generated] {f : α → E} {b : E} :
filter.tendsto f (l ⊓ μ.ae) (nhds b) → measurable f → μ.finite_at_filter l → asymptotics.is_o (λ (s : set α), ∫ (x : α) in s, f x ∂μ - (⇑μ s).to_real • b) (λ (s : set α), (⇑μ s).to_real) (l.lift' set.powerset)

Fundamental theorem of calculus for set integrals: if μ is a measure that is finite at a filter l and f is a measurable function that has a finite limit b at l ⊓ μ.ae, then ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ = μ s • b + o(μ s) as s tends to l.lift' powerset. Since μ s is an ennreal number, we use (μ s).to_real in the actual statement.

theorem is_compact.​integrable_on_of_nhds_within {α : Type u_1} {E : Type u_3} [measurable_space α] [topological_space α] [normed_group E] {μ : measure_theory.measure α} {s : set α} (hs : is_compact s) {f : α → E} :

If a function is integrable at 𝓝[s] x for each point x of a compact set s, then it is integrable on s.

A function f continuous on a compact set s is integrable on this set with respect to any locally finite measure.

A continuous function f is integrable on any compact set with respect to any locally finite measure.

Fundamental theorem of calculus for set integrals, nhds version: if μ is a locally finite measure that and f is a measurable function that is continuous at a point a, then ∫ x in s, f x ∂μ = μ s • f a + o(μ s) as s tends to (𝓝 a).lift' powerset. Since μ s is an ennreal number, we use (μ s).to_real in the actual statement.